PSA is short for prostate specific antigen. PSA is a protein that serves as a tumor marker unique to the prostate gland. PSA test significantly increases the yield of digital rectal examination in the diagnosis of prostate cancer. PSA blood test can detect prostate cancer of very low volume and is used in initial diagnosis and diagnosis of recurrent disease after treatment. PSA is relatively sensitive and specific for the screening of prostate cancer, but it should be used with physical examination and other imaging studies, such as transected ultrasound (TRUS), for the diagnosis of the disease.